1. Menstrual Phase (Days 1-4/7)
A new menstrual cycle begins with the start of menstrual bleeding. The old uterine lining is shed, while a new follicle containing an egg begins to mature in the ovary.
2. Follicular Phase (Up to Ovulation)
Under the influence of FSH and LH (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone), an egg matures within the ovary. Estrogen levels rise, causing the uterine lining to thicken and prepare for a possible pregnancy.
3. Ovulation
A sudden surge in LH triggers ovulation. The egg is released from the ovary and remains capable of being fertilized for approximately 12 to 24 hours.
4. Luteal Phase
After ovulation, the corpus luteum produces progesterone. This hormone transforms the uterine lining and prepares it for the implantation of a fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels decline and menstruation begins, marking the start of a new cycle.
How long does a normal menstrual cycle last?
The average menstrual cycle lasts 28 days. However, a cycle length between 24 and 38 days is generally considered medically normal. More important than the exact duration is the regularity of the cycle and the absence of premenstrual spotting more than two days before the onset of menstruation.
Is an irregular cycle a sign of reduced fertility?
Not necessarily. Variations of up to seven days can be completely normal. However, an irregular cycle may also indicate hormonal fluctuations or the absence of ovulation.
When are my fertile days?
Your fertile window includes the few days before ovulation and the day of ovulation itself. Through targeted cycle monitoring, we can accurately determine ovulation and identify your most fertile days.
How can I tell if I am ovulating?
Most women do not consciously feel ovulation. Possible signs include a regular menstrual cycle, changes in cervical mucus, or a slight rise in body temperature during the second half of the cycle. Ovulation can be reliably confirmed through cycle monitoring with ultrasound examinations and hormone testing.
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